The speaker of an utterance. The author of a text. The sender of a message. A linguistic form. The hearer of an utterance. The audience of a published text. The recipient of a message. The time that an utterance ocurred. The time of text was published. The time a message was sent. The location where an utterance was made. The location a text was published. The origination of a message the number of times this message can be read meaningfully. This is often considered infinate. But in other cases, Instant messaging, text messaging on phone, it is 1. John Black 1 9999999